Brown@50

Fulfilling the Promise

Howard University

School of Law

Citations for Brown@50 Chronology

1501 James Ferguson King, Descriptive Data on Negro Slaves in Spanish Importation Records and Bills of Sale, 28 The Journal of Negro History 204, at 207 (April 1943).
African American Desk Reference 2 (Philip Koslow ed., The Stonesong Press, Inc., 1999).
Alton Hornsby, Jr., Chronology of African American History: From 1492 to Present 3 (2d ed. 1997).
The Negro Almanac: A Reference Work on The Afro American 1 (Harry A Ploski & James Williams eds., John Wiley & Sons 4th ed. 1983).
1502 Leslie B. Rout, Jr., The African Experience in Spanish America: 1502 to the Present Day (Cambridge University Press, 1976)
The Negro Almanac: A Reference Work on The Afro American 1 (Harry A Ploski & James Williams eds., John Wiley & Sons 4th ed. 1983).
1522 A. J. Williams-Myers, Slavery, Rebellion, and Revolution in the Americas: A Historiographical Scenario on the Theses of Genovese and Others, 26 Journal of Black Studies 381 at 388 (March 1996).
African American Desk Reference 2 (Philip Koslow ed., The Stonesong Press, Inc., 1999).
1562 Eric Williams, The Golden Age of the Slave System in Britain, 25 J. Negro Hist. 60 at 60 (Jan. 1940).
Ian Smith, Barbarian Errors: Performing Race in Early Modern England, 49 Shakespeare Quarterly 168 at 168 (Jan. 1924).
Louis Ruchames, The Sources of Racial Thought in Colonial America, 52 J. Negro Hist. 251 at 253 (Oct. 1967). 
Violet Barbour, Privateers and Pirates of the West Indies, 16 Am. Historical Rev. 529 at 533 (April 1911).
Alton Hornsby, Jr., Chronology of African American History: From 1492 to Present 5 (2d ed. 1997).
The Negro Almanac: A Reference Work on The Afro American 1 (Harry A Ploski & James Williams eds., John Wiley & Sons 4th ed. 1983).
1619 Alden T. Vaughan, Blacks in Virginia: A Note on the First Decade, 29 Wm. and Mary Quarterly 469 at 469 (July 1972).
Alton Hornsby, Jr., Chronology of African American History: From 1492 to Present 5 (2d ed. 1997).
"Slavery", Encyclopedia Britannica Online 2003, at http://search.eb.com/eb/article?eu=117527 (last visited Dec.10, 2003).
The Negro Almanac: A Reference Work on The Afro American 2 (Harry A Ploski & James Williams eds., John Wiley & Sons 4th ed. 1983).
1638  
1704 David Menschel, Abolition Without Deliverance: The Law of Connecticut Slavery 1784-1848, 111 Yale L. J. 183 (Oct. 2001).
Bernard Christian Steiner, History of Slavery in Connecticut 17-19 (John’s Hopkins Press,1893).
Alton Hornsby, Jr., Chronology of African American History: From 1492 to Present 10 (2d ed. 1997).
1776

United States Code, Declaration of Independence of 1776.
The Declaration of Independence is available online through the National Archives website at: http://www.archives.gov/national_archives_experience/declaration_transcript.html.
African American Desk Reference 4 (Philip Koslow ed., The Stonesong Press, Inc., 1999).
Thomas Jefferson, The Writings of Thomas Jefferson 34-35 (Albert Ellery Bergh ed., The Thomas Jefferson Memorial Association 1907).

1777 Vermont Statutes Annotated, Constitution, Article 1.
Vermont’s State Constitution is online at: http://www.leg.state.vt.us/statutes/const2.htm.
1783 Major Peace Treaties of Modern History, 1648-1967, 345-350 (Fred L. Israel ed., Chelsea House Publishers 1967).
Information about the Treaty of Paris is available from the U.S. Department of State's website: http://www.state.gov/r/pa/ho/time/ar/14313.htm.
1789 U.S. Constitution adopted at the Constitutional Convention in 1787; ratified in 1788; first government under the Constitution was in 1789 (see note 1 at http://www.house.gov/Constitution/Constitution.html)
1855 Mass. Acts 1855, c. 256
1861-1865 Timeline of the Civil War: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/cwphtml/tl1861.html
Civil War Treasures from the New York Historical Society, via the American Memory at the Library of Congress: http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/ndlpcoop/nhihtml/cwnyhshome.html
1865 Theodore Brantner Wilson, The Black Codes (1965)
1866 Civil Rights Act of 1866 (April 9, 1866); 14 Stat. 27
National Civil Rights Museum online: http://www.civilrightsmuseum.org
1867

http://www.iupui.edu/~aao/kkk.html (Southern Poverty Law Center Report)
http://www.tsha.utexas.edu/handbook/online/articles/print/KK/vek2.html
http://www.centerforhistory.org/indiana_history_main7.html

1877

C. Vann Woodward, Reunion and Reaction: The Compromise of 1877 and the End of Reconstruction (1951)

1890-1920 Historical Statistics of Black America, pp. 493-494 (Jessie C. Smith & Carrell Peterson Horton, eds., Gale Group, 1995)
1920s http://www.iupui.edu/~aao/kkk.html (Southern Poverty Law Center Report)
1957 President Eisenhower orders National Guard to Little Rock, Arkansas, to escort nine black students to Central H.S. to enforce Brown
President Eisenhower’s Executive Order 10730 to desegregate Central High School in Little Rock, Arkansas:  http://www.ourdocuments.gov/doc.php?flash=true&doc=89
1961 Freedom Rides to integrate Southern bus terminals
“Sit-ins, Freedom Rides, and Demonstrations,” American Memory website of the Library of Congress:  http://memory.loc.gov/ammem/aaohtml/exhibit/aopart9b.html
1968

Fair Housing Act, Title VIII of Civil Rights Act of 1964, enacted in 1968, codified at 42 U.S.C. §§ 3601 et. seq. (2000)
http://www.usdoj.gov:80/crt/housing/title8.htm